Patterns and Results of the Third Democratization Wave
by Yong-Chuan Liu (Alex Liu)

University Press of America 1993

This book is based on a quantitative research of the "third democratization wave 1973-1991". It examines democratization patterns and their relationship with the installation, consolidation and pre-conditions of democracy. The pattern measures were constructed to categorize democratic transitions according to whether a transition is a gradual one, and whether political rights lead civil liberties or civil liberties lead political rights during the transition process. Three panels use ANOVA, GLM structural equations to analyze the data, which covers 103 states in transition. Based on the findings, the author suggests that gradualism will help both the installation and consolidation of democracy.

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Yong-chuan Liu (Alex Liu) was a Research Fellow at the Asia/Pacific Research Center of Stanford University when he wrote this book. Now, Dr. Liu is a director of the RM Institute and an adjunct professor in the University of California at Irvine.